Write a Detailed Essay on the Nature and Scope of Earth Science - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 787 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/22 Category Advertising Essay Tags: Nature Essay Did you like this example? INTRODUCTION TO EARTH SCIENCE(GEO211) SS/BSS/09/0103 KWAKU FRIMPONG MARFO WRITE A DETAILED ESSAY ON THE NATURE AND SCOPE OF EARTH SCIENCE. Earth Science is the name for all science that collectively seeks to understand the Earth and its neighbors in space. Some Earth scientists use their knowledge of the Earth to locate and develop energy and mineral resources. Others also study the impact of human activity on Earth’s environment and design methods to protect the planet. Some also use their knowledge about Earth processes such as volcanoes, earthquakes and hurricanes to plan communities that will not expose people to these dangerous events. Earth science is also known as the Geosciences, the Geosciences or Earth sciences. It is arguably a special case in planetary science, the Earth being the only life-bearing planet. There are both reductionist and holistic approaches to Earth sciences. The formal discipline of Earth science may include the study of the atmosphere, oceans and biosphere as well as the solid earth. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Write a Detailed Essay on the Nature and Scope of Earth Science" essay for you Create order Typically, Earth scientists will use tools from physics, chemistry, biology and mathematics to build a quantitative understanding of how the earth system works and how it evolved to its current state. Like all other scientists, Earth scientists apply the scientific method: Problem statement, Review literature, Formulate hypothesis after observation of and gathering data about natural phenomena and then test these hypotheses. Finally, there is the need for one to publish and explain the research in the scientific community. It must however be pointed out that Earth science is inter-disciplined—it cuts across all sciences and study fields. Science in the broadest sense refers to any systematic methodology which attempts to collect accurate information about the shared reality and to model this in a way which can be used to make reliable, concrete and quantitative predictions about events in line with hypotheses proven by experiment. In a more restricted sense, science refers to a system of acquiring knowledge based on the scientific method, as well as to the organized body of knowledge gained through such research. The scope of science, therefore, is knowledge through reason—and the scope of Earth science is knowledge of the Earth systems through the study of combined science. Knowledge is, therefore, borrowed from other disciplines such as Geology, which is the study of the earth surface(rocks) and interior; Astronomy, the study of the universe that the Erath is a part of; Meteorology, the study of the weather and Earth’s atmosphere and Oceanography, the study of the Earth’s oceans(the four Earth sciences). Geology is the primary Earth science. Literarily, it means â€Å"the study of the Earth†. Geology deals with the composition of earth materials, earth structures and earth processes. It is also concerned with the organisms of the planet and how the planet has changed over time. Geologists search for fuels and minerals, study natural hazards and work to protect earth’s environment. Meteorology is the study of the atmosphere and how processes in the atmosphere determine earth’s weather and climate. Since everyone is concerned about the weather, it can be considered very practical. For instance, how climate changes over time in response to the actions of people is a topic of urgent worldwide concern. Oceanography is the study of the Earth’s oceans—their composition, movement, organisms and processes. The oceans cover a greater part of the planet. The oceans have a major influence on the weather and changes in the oceans can drive or moderate climate change. Oceanographers work to develop the ocean as a resource and protect it from negative human impact. Astronomy is the study of the universe. Studying space beyond dearth is important since the moon derives the oceans’ tidal system, asteroids impacts have repeatedly devastated Earth’s inhabitants and energy from the sun drives our weather and climate. When talking about the nature and scope of Earth Science, it is also necessary to talk about its importance. Today, we live in a time when the Earth and its inhabitants face many challenges. Our climate is changing and that change is being caused by human activity. Earth scientists recognize this problem and will play a key role in efforts to resolve it. Again, we are also challenged to develop new sources of energy that will have minimal negative impact on climate; locate new sources of metals and other mineral resources as known sources are depleted. In a nutshell, the scope of Earth science is knowledge of the earth systems through the study of combined science which also looks at data collection and research woks and the subject being inter-disciplined. References: 1. www. geology. com/body. htm 2. www. wcbp. com/geology/conte 3. Earth Science, An Integrated Perspective, Conte, Thompson and Moses

Federalism, An Effective Form Of Government Essay

Danielle Norman Professor Derrick American National Government 27 October 2016 1289 Federalism, an Effective Form of Government The United States of America is commonly known as a democracy and when asked most people could easily define what a democracy is. America is also rooted in the principle of federalism. It’s reasonable to assume that far less people could offer up a definition of federalism as easily as we could for democracy even though its arguable that federalism is a key component of the United States government. Simply put, the principle of federalism is the constitutional agreement to divide power between the national government and state and local governments with the understanding that each has the power to enforce laws but cannot change the agreement without consent from the other (Dye 98). There are many types of federalism but the underlying theme of dividing power remains in each type. The division of power between government acts as a protective force for citizens. Without that division, or balance, of powers it is possible that one branc h of government would have too much power. Governments that place too much power in the hands of state and local government cannot protect citizens from the paradox of democracy (Dye 15). What happens when the majority supports something that actively discriminates and harms the minority? Without the central government, there would be no protection for those minority groups. For example, even though a large majorityShow MoreRelatedFederalism Vs. Cooperative Federalism1469 Words   |  6 PagesRight now the current form of Federalism that the United States uses today is called New Federalism, or Cooperative Federalism. Cooperative Federalism was created as a political model around 1937 that emphasized â€Å"teamwork† between the National and State governments. This was created to ensure that both governments would work together in order to provide services more efficiently in the Nation. This is why Cooperative Federalism is appealing to this day and still exercised, because the U.S. has stillRead MoreEssay on United States Government and Federalism1473 Words   |  6 Pagesgrappled with the idea of federalism. While former President James Madison had a very concrete understanding of that form of governance, â€Å"In the compound republic of America, the power surrendered by the people is first divided between two distinct governments, and then portion allotted to each subdivided among distinct and separate departments† (Madison, 1788, p. 67), the United States has never had a conclusive division of power between the state and the US Federal Governments. Instead of definitiveRead MoreFederalism Essay1668 Words   |  7 PagesFederalism Federalism is a system of government that divides power between a national government and a regional government with the use of a constitution. Throughout the United States history, federalism has played a significant role in the constitution and the system of government adopted by the United States of America. Federalism has also changed throughout the course of Americas history to fit the constitution and the government. Montesquieu was a French philosopher who was very importantRead MoreDifferences Between Unitary And Federal System1524 Words   |  7 PagesResearch Paper: Federalism Usually people tend to take governmental institutions in account only at national levels. However, it is important to have a look at the lower levels as well, specifically at state or provincial levels. The major distinctions that can be made are between unitary and federal systems. Only the central government has the constitutional sovereignty and power in unitary system. The central government shares that constitutional sovereignty and power in subdivisions called, statesRead MoreBlock Grant Essay921 Words   |  4 Pages Block Grants Definition: Money granted by the federal government that a local authority can allocate to a wide range of services. Significance: This allows the state/city governments to use the money in a general sense, so they can spend it where they need to. Categorical Grants Definition: Money granted by the federal government to state and local governments, with strict limitations on how it is to be spent. Significance: This forces the states to comply to the government’s regulation if theyRead MoreEssay on Federal Disaster Planning and Relief620 Words   |  3 Pagesexplain how the program raises issues of federalism, and the pros and cons from two perspectives. Disaster planning is the development and documenting of a plan that will allow an organization to recover from a catastrophic event. It should include procedures that are appropriate to the function and size of the business (Bucki, J.) As where disaster relief is the services or monies available to individuals, families, and communities who have suffered from some form of a catastrophic disaster such as:Read MoreThe Debate Over Time Federalism1120 Words   |  5 Pagessystem of government called federalism. America has three main components to their federalism, National government, State government and Local government. The interaction between the National Government and all the States governments have a set of guidelines found in our Constitution; While state constitution sets the premise for State and local governments interactions. It is also important to note that the Constitution is the supreme law of the land and that State and local governments are subordinatesRead MoreAmer ica s Founding Fathers Trying With The American Experience950 Words   |  4 Pages20th century and the accomplishments in the 21st century. Let’s first look at the word federalism. Federalism has a major role in what our founding fathers tried to accomplish. It is â€Å"based on the concept of shared power between units of governments†. These units are defined in the United States Constitution; representing the national and the federal government and not forgetting the fifty state governments. In 2008, before being elected, our 44th President of the United States of America, BarakRead MoreAnalysis Of Michael Brown And Eric Garner Cases991 Words   |  4 PagesGarner cases are examples of federalism-civil rights debate and government-sanctioned discriminatory treatment Federalism is a concept of a system of self-sustained units of governments and was considered to be the main idea of the U.S. Constitution. Vincent Ostrom’s The meaning of American federalism gives the definition of federalism as â€Å"a system of government where authority is exercised concurrently by a national government and state or provincial governments†. According to the standpointRead MoreThe Government Is A System Of The Dual Federalism1183 Words   |  5 PagesFederalism has numerous levels of government in which each of them have their own self-governing authority over some of the policy areas. It helps in balancing the power between the national and subunit governments. Various forms of the government are being observed internationally, including the confederation and unitary government. The Confederal government was the very first form of government the United States had that is held under the Articles of Confederation; in which the states hold the

Technology and Society in Fahrenheit 451 - 1723 Words

Do you think that living in a technical world would destroy society? Well, in Bradburys novel, Fahrenheit 451, technology is very advanced and seems to get peoples attention. Youre not important. Youre not anything (Bradbury 163). Fahrenheit 451 is explained as a dystopian literature. Such literature portrays an imaginary world where misguided attempts to create a utopia, or a socially and politically perfect place, results in â€Å"large scale human misery. (Critique by Michael M. Levy) This quote makes you realize that technology is taking over humans and the world has to do something about it. By creating an â€Å"utopia†, Fahrenheit 451 requires the government to take away citizen’s rights and freedoms to create the perfect society.†¦show more content†¦2). Of course, the other firemen dismissed the old woman as mad. Montag starts to wonder if he will end up the same. Montag is sick, physically and emotionally. Realizing his wife would rather watch TV than care for him; that the world is an empty, cruel place; and that there are things out there which are worth dying for makes him even more so. Technology starts to become a main influence on the actions of the people in society. Montag’s wife, Mildred, is said to have â€Å"lost herself in technology†. She confines herself in the living room of the couple’s house to three life-sized television screen walls. These walls speak to her and hold conversations with her more than actual people do. Mildred yells at Montag for turning off her â€Å"family†. Montag is her husband, but Mildred relates fictional programmed characters to her only family. The issue of technology technically brainwashes the people of this science fiction society. People believe that if technology gets more advanced it would end society because people would probably forget about everything. Bradbury th inks that with technology surrounding us, people will stop reading books. If people stop reading books they will forget about things that are extremely important, which include history, how and why people act in different ways, how life began, and other things that are important today but with technology they are going to fade away. Another thing that could happen ifShow MoreRelatedTechnology in Fahrenheit 451 and the Real World930 Words   |  4 PagesHow technology affects society in Fahrenheit 451 and the real world Every day, everywhere people are using technology to check email, calculate tax, and talk with each other. Technology has greatly affected the social structure today and in Fahrenheit 451. Technology has effected how the TV controls our lives, how we communicate with one another, and how strong the social structure is In both the real world and Fahrenheit 451. Similarly to the real world, in Fahrenheit 451 the TV is a habitualRead MoreFahrenheit 451 And Our Society1500 Words   |  6 Pagesbe like if technology completely ruled our lives? 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We are practically glued to technology; before we become slaves of technology we must change that. TheRead MoreThe Frightening Future: Farenheit 451 Essay856 Words   |  4 Pagesvacations (McGaha). A major obstacle that students face today is technology. With technology expanding so rapidly, it seems that students are more focused on owning the newest piece of technology that comes out. Ethics is about establishing what is right and wrong in order to behave in a way that society will accept you. Society today is very modern. Technology has become a â€Å"right† thing, and not having a more advanced piece of technology is considered â€Å"odd† or â€Å"wrong†. Plato’s Allegory of the CaveRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography : Ray Bradbury1077 Words   |  5 PagesFahrenheit 451: Ray Bradbury An Annotated Bibliography Johnston, Amy E. Boyle. â€Å"Ray Bradbury: Fahrenheit 451 Misinterpreted.† L.A. Weekly, 4 Apr. 2016, Http://Www.laweekly.com/News/Ray-Bradbury-Fahrenheit-451-Misinterpreted-2149125. This article is about the author having an interview with Ray Bradbury about how people are mistreated because they was been kept uninformed and ignorant about censorship when its really about technology destroying the use ofRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Technology Essay1611 Words   |  7 Pagesliterature, Bradbury looks more than 64 years into the future in Fahrenheit 451 to predict the fatal outcome of the technology-infested intelligence, or the lack thereof. The invention of TV, Radio, headphones, iPods, and much more, along with a rapidly increasing gain of access to technology has created a civilization that is dependent on a battery as they are on their own heart. This dependency has sculpted a 1984-sort of society that Bradbury can explain just as well as Orwell. Ranging from conformityRead More1984 And Fahrenheit 4511505 Words   |  7 PagesOrwell, and Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury, the concepts of totalitarianism and censorship are addressed in various ways. Both texts ar e of dystopian fiction, set in post-nuclear war nations, although they are somewhat of a different nature. The concepts of totalitarianism and censorship are explored throughout the texts by addressing the issue of ‘knowledge is power’, the use and abuse of technology and the desensitising of society. Although these are mentioned in both 1984 and Fahrenheit 451, they areRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Francois Truffaut1310 Words   |  6 PagesFahrenheit 451 Analysis Franà §ois Truffaut’s 1966 science fiction film, Fahrenheit 451, encapsulates a dystopian society that controls its inhabitants. This film is based off of Ray Bradbury’s 1953 novel of the same title.Truffaut took the novel and created a full length film to tell the story. The use of future is a common characteristic of science fiction movies, yet this particular film uses future to relay its message, not just as the setting. The technical aspects, effects and setting work togetherRead MoreComparison Of Technology In Fahrenheit 4511151 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology is on the rise which has changed people’s lives. Today’s technology a positive improvement which has grown over the past years. Today everyone uses technology, from old to new. Both Ernest Cline and Ray Bradbury present worlds that are run by technology.The technology in ready player one and Fahrenheit 451 is both bad and good. Fahrenheit 451 is all about a fireman called Guy Montag who do es the opposite of what fireman do, starting fires instead of putting them out. The society in FahrenheitRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1487 Words   |  6 Pages Society can become dangerous when the government is in control of our lives. No one reads books, technology is minimizing relationships, and people don’t appreciate the outdoors as much anymore, the main character in Fahrenheit 451 begins to disregard the rules that the society has made. One person is able to change the way of a society by being willing to change and think for themselves. Bradbury is trying to predict and warn us on the dangers that are ahead if we keep continuing to rely on technology

Genetically Modified Crop Plants free essay sample

Genetically modified crop plants are crop plants that genetic characteristics have been altered using the techniques of genetic engineering (The American Heritage ® Science Dictionary). Genetically modified crop plants accomplishes guaranteeing plenty food supply for the growing population (Whitman, 2000). The first step of genetically modifying a crop is mapping. Mapping is when scientists finds and separate the gene with the preferred genetic characteristics. PCR is the next step when genetically modifying a crop. PCR is when the scientist makes plenty copies of the separated gene (Bionet, 2002). Using a piece of plant tissue, the scientist inserts the wanted genes into the plant’s own genes. The genes can be transferred in three different ways; (1) a gene canon, (2) a soil bacteria, or (3) a material named protoplast (Bionet, 2002). The name for the process of gene insertion is â€Å"transformation†. Now that the genes have been transfer the scientist makes a new crop plant out of the genetically modified plant tissue. We will write a custom essay sample on Genetically Modified Crop Plants or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The scientist checks the transferred gene functions and if the gene shows up in the plant’s progeny (Bionet, 2002). There are many social and ethical issues when it comes to genetically modifying crops. Ethical issues are based off three principles and they are general welfare, people’s rights, and justice. Some people see genetically modified crops as unnatural and disprove of their development (Nuffield Council on Bioethics). Others say it’s unethical to make nature an industrialized type thing because it’s just wrong. The effect GMO’s (genetically modified organism) have on the environment is another ethical concern (Nuffield Council on Bioethics). The ethical debate is that GMO’s are damaging the environment; however others argue that â€Å"†¦genetically modifying technology a new tool which plant breeders are using to achieve their breeding goals more accurately and rapidly (Nuffield Council on Bioethics). † Several of the genetically modified crops under development will change the way crops are managed on the farm. There may be benefits to the environment and wildlife but there may also be risks (Nuffield Council on Bioethics). These are more ethical issues that concern the people of society. Genetically modified (GM) crops on one side have been hailed as the solution to world hunger and have been criticized as environmentally dangerous, playing God and â€Å"illegitimately crossing species boundaries (Koole). †Ã¢â‚¬  equal. The common fear among GM technology is that the gene pool could be harmed by reducing genetic diversity (Koole). Social implication comes in when the issue of world hunger is a concern. Socially, genetically modifying crops world be the solution to the possible problem of starvation. â€Å"The question of whether GM crops can be a means to prevent the starvation of children is evident† (Koole). That’s how genetically modified crop plants effect the world, and it’s mostly in a chaos type of manner. The benefits of genetically modified foods are pest resistance, herbicide tolerance, disease resistance, cold tolerance, and drought tolerance (Whitman, 2000). Instead of farmers losing money because pest eating up their crops, GM crops is the solution to that problem because they are pest resistance. Crop plants genetically-engineered to be resistant to one powerful herbicide could help avoid environmental damage by reducing the amount of herbicides needed (Whitman, 2000). There are many viruses that attack crop plants; therefore, plant biologists are working to create plants with genetically-engineered resistance the various diseases out. Unanticipated cold can wipe out sensitive seedlings. â€Å"An antifreeze gene from cold water fish has been introduced into plants such as tobacco and potato† (Whitman, 2000). With this antifreeze gene, these plants are capable to withstand through cold temperatures that usually would destroy unmodified seedlings. Creating plants that can endure long periods of drought or high salt content in soil and groundwater will help out people to grow crops in previously harsh farming places. The risk of Gm plants falls under to categories; they are environmental hazards and human health risks. The risk of GM crops are unintended harm to other organisms, reduced effectiveness of pesticides, gene transfer to non-target species, allergenicity, and the unknown effects on human health (Whitman, 2000). â€Å"Last year a laboratory study was published in Nature showing that pollen from B. . corn caused high mortality rates in monarch butterfly caterpillars. Monarch caterpillars consume milkweed plants, not corn, but the fear is that if pollen from B. t. corn is blown by the wind onto milkweed plants in neighboring fields, the caterpillars could eat the pollen and perish. (Whitman, 2000). † This concerned many scientists; however, it is very hard to predict how Gm crops will affect other organisms. When it comes to reducing the effectiveness of pesticides, many people are uneasy about insects becoming resistant to B. t. r other crops that have been genetically-modified to generate their own pesticides (Whitman, 2000). â€Å"Another concern is that crop plants engineered for herbicide tolerance and weeds will cross-breed, resulting in the transfer of the herbicide resistance genes from the crops into the weeds† (Whitman, 2000). This will result in â€Å"super weeds† that can’t be controlled. When it comes to human health risk, allergenicity is another problem that comes along with GM crops. â€Å"Many children in the US and Europe have grown life-threatening allergies to peanuts and other foods† (Whitman, 2000). There is a chance that launching a gene into a plant may cause an allergic reaction in prone individuals. There is a rising worry that introducing unfamiliar genes into food plants may have an unexpected and negative impact on human health. I personally feel like the traditional way of farming and genetically modifying crop plants are very similar. There’s only a little different in genetic modification and traditional processing. Genetic modification is a more clear-cut method, where one can be accurate in transferring the most wanted characteristics. In traditional processing the farmer cannot steer clear of the possibility that other characteristics may also be transferred (Bionet, 2002). Because of the growing population, we should go with the fastest method and that is GM crops. In conclusion, genetically-modified foods may be an opportunity to solve many of the worlds hunger and starvation problems, and to help shelter and maintain the environment by increasing yield and reducing dependence upon substance pesticides and herbicides. However, there are many tests ahead for governments, particularly in the areas of safety testing, instruction, worldwide guiding principles and food classification (Whitman, 2000). Many people feel that genetic engineering is the unavoidable wave of the future and that we cannot afford to ignore a technology that has such massive possible benefits. However, we must progress with warning to keep away from causing unplanned damage to human health and the environment as a result of our interest for this potent technology,